How is food allergy testing done?

Food allergies can be evaluated using skin or blood tests. In a skin prick test, a diluted food extract is placed on your forearm or back, and the skin is gently  scratched with a small plastic device—without breaking or piercing the skin. Swelling or redness may indicate an allergic reaction. In rare cases, skin testing can trigger a severe reaction, so it must always be performed under a physician’s supervision.

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Blood tests measure food-specific IgE antibodies in the blood. A positive result may suggest an allergy, but it alone is not enough to confirm a diagnosis. Your doctor will interpret the results alongside your medical history and symptoms.

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Who should consider food allergy testing?

Food allergy testing is recommended for individuals who may have true, immediate food allergies that can cause hives, swelling, vomiting, trouble breathing, or even life-threatening reactions shortly after eating a food.

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It is also recommended for infants or children with severe eczema, who are at higher risk for developing food allergies. Testing can also be useful for follow-up evaluation in patients with suspected or previously diagnosed food allergies.

 

Food allergy testing does not identify food intolerances or sensitivities, such as lactose intolerance or gluten sensitivity.